The breed structure is gradually changing; some high-quality, high-yield breeds have been introduced for crossbreeding and care, bringing economic value in livestock farming.

Currently, there is a total livestock herd of about 652,000 heads in the province. Of which, the buffalo herd is 146,447 heads, mainly local breeds; the cow herd is 103,668 heads; the pig herd is 327,726 heads... The total poultry herd is about 5,170,000 heads. Livestock breeds used have diverse origins, including indigenous breeds, imported breeds, and crossbreeds. Hybrid and foreign livestock and poultry breeds are mainly raised in the communes of Núa Ngam, Thanh Yên, Thanh Chăn, Thanh An, Sam Mứn, Thanh Nưa, Sín Thầu, Mường Nhé, Tuần Giáo, Mường Chà, and Mường Ảng. The origin of livestock is diverse; they can be imported from other provinces or self-bred by the people.

To improve the productivity and quality of the local cow herd, the Center for Agricultural Extension and Crop - Livestock Breeds under the Department of Agriculture and Environment has carried out artificial insemination for local cows (using semen of high-yield bulls such as 3B and Brahman to mate with local females). Cumulatively from 2020 to now, artificial insemination has been applied to 2,795 cows (in 2025, it is expected to inseminate 410 cows); the conception rate reached 85%, and the hybrid calves born are healthy and of good quality.

The application of scientific and technical advances in pig farming is also promoted, especially for high-yield pig breeds. Some organizations and individuals have linked production with livestock companies (using closed barns to manage appropriate temperature, breeding stock selected by experienced technical staff, automatic feeding by silos; using manure separators and biogas to treat waste).

Some livestock facilities have used artificial insemination methods to take advantage of the hybrid vigor of indigenous breeds and high-yield breeds to create hybrids that adapt well to household farming conditions, have good meat quality, gain weight quickly, and are suitable for the local climate and soil. However, the rate of applying scientific and technical advances in production is still low, mainly in medium and large-scale livestock farms, accounting for about 10% of pig breeds raised in the area.

Although the province has issued a number of policies to support production development in the agricultural and rural sectors, because small-scale farming accounts for a large proportion, it has not yet attracted organizations and individuals to invest in building livestock breeding farms, especially large breeding enterprises and corporations in Vietnam. Livestock breed production and business establishments are mainly small-scale, and some operate discontinuously. For example, with the poultry flock, currently in the area, there are no large-scale poultry farms; the purpose is mainly commercial farming. The application of scientific and technical advances is mainly through propaganda work for people to build barns, improve farming techniques, and use animal feed. For new poultry breeds and poultry breeds crossbred to suit local characteristics, deployment is mainly through models, programs, and projects.

In the coming time, the Department of Agriculture and Environment will continue to promote the application of science and technology, innovation, and digital transformation in livestock farming. At the same time, it will support breeding facilities to apply automation technology; participate in and effectively deploy the National Database System on Livestock, ensuring traceability.